Mechanical movement



(No Model.) is Sheets-Sheet '1. M. J.'LAWLOR.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Patented Feb. 5,1884.

In?) 87 ww a. mans mmum m m Wishinglan. an

9m 4 0 .9 e h s w e e h S 3 B v O m A L J M n d Av M 0 w I MEGHANIUALMOVEMENT. No. 292.828.

' W ZjJ/e y Nv PETERS. Pliulmhlhugmplllrr. vimm u. c.

:' UNITED Sia'ilins.

PATENT @Frica rncnanr. J. LAWLOR, or roueiinnnrsm, NEW YORK.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

SIPECIFICATION forming part of Letters. Patent No. 292,828; datedFebruary 5, 1684.

A Application filed November 16, 1883. (No model.) i

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MIcHAEL J. LAWLOR a citizen of the United States,residing" at Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess and State of NewYork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in'Automatic Brake andClutch Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in mechanical movements; and itconsists of a simple mechanism which is adapted to hold automatically ashaft, drum, pulley, or wheel, or theirequivalent, from revolving ineither direction, and is adapted to all machines which now usepawlan,d-ratchet or other equivalent device for holding the same parts,as described, and furnishing a simpler device to attain the objectordinarily attained by pawl and ratchet, retaining the part fromrevolving in either direction. v By my invention machinessuch as lifts,hoists, elevators, and all other lifting, hauling, and windingmachinerywhich require pawl-and-ratchet devices are simplified, andmachines produced by which the load is automatically suspended at anyheight and readily lowered to any point by giving motionto the Iwinding-shaft in a direction contrary to that by which the raising iseffected, the load being automatically suspended at any point by ceasingto give motion to the driving-shaft. I'will describe my invention inrelation to a lift. On the rotary shaftof a lift'I place a stationaryframe, tube, orsleeve, passed over said shaft and occupying anypositionon the samethat convenience of construction may require. Theshaft is capable of rotating freely in said stationary frame, tube, orsleeve. The said frame, tube, or sleeve is of such length as to allowthe part-s hereinafter de-' scribed to be placed in said framefor onsaid.

tube or sleeve. On each side' of these parts is placed a .hub, shoulder,head, flange, or other'equivalent device, firmly fixed to-the saidstationary frame, tube. or sleeve for the purpose of limiting the spaceoccupied by said parts and preventing the spreading of these partsbeyond the limited space when out of gear; These limiting hubs-may bepartsof the said stationary frame, tube, or sleeve, or

parts fi xed thereto.

Inor on the said stationaryfraineftube, or

its sides presenting inclined surfaces, two rings or annulars, or theirequivalents, one on either side of said pinion-wheel, having their outerends perpendicular to the bearing on which sleeve are loosely placed apinion-wheel with r they revolve, and their inner sides or endspresenting surfaces inclined correspondingly to those upon thepinion-wheel, and intermediately between the said pinion-wheel andannulars are placed rings having parallel sides and-of any requiredthickness. never revolve with the shaft, pinion-wheel, or annulars, butare retained from revolving by being fastened in such a manner tothestationary frame, tube, or sleeve by socket-studs, bolts, or theirequivalents that they have a wabbling motion to and fro on the saidframe, tube, or sleeve, andthe said studs, bolts,,or their equivalentswith corresponding slots retain them from revolving with the shaft,pinionwheel, or annulars, as described. The office of said rings is tolock the pinion-wheel to the stationary frame, tube, or sleeve, whichthey dowhenever motion ceases to be given to the driving-shaft. Thepinion-wheels and annulars' are furnished with slots, or'theirequivalents, varying inlength according to the inclination of thesurfaces that clasp the said rings, and the ends of the slots aredirectly opposite each other when the parts are in gear. Theshaftcarries a dog, stud, or studs, or their equivalent, of suitablesize and form, to engagewith the sides of said slots in the describedpinion-wheel and annulars, (and is the only part fixed to the shaft,)for' the purpose of gearing the said pinion-wheel and annulars andthereby permitting the load to be raised or lowered. It will be seenthat whenever the motion of said shaft and its dog cease to hold thepinion-wheel and annulars in gear, the resistance of the load upon thepinionwheel will' cause itto revolve independently of the said annularsin the direction proper to lower'the load, and said annulars remain atrest, and thereby form inclined foundations or bases'fortheretained'rings to lie in angular positions and thereby form anon-revolving inclined base or foundation for the pinion-wheel to wedgebetweenon against,

The said rings and the raised load-is held in whatever position it'liasbeen brought to.

the load is at rest, the described pinion-wheel, which gives motion tothe1oad,is firmly wedged between the retained wabbling rings, and by theturning of the shaft in the direction proper to raise the load, thedescribed dog, or its equivalent, engages with the said pinion-wheel andannulars, and the parts are geared together and do not grip between themthe retained rings, and said rings wabble freely and adapt themselves inangular position to correspond with the inclined surfaces on thedescribed pinion-wheel and annulars. In lowering the load the shaft isrevolved in the opposite direction, and this motion brings the annularsand pinion-wheel in gear, so that they do not grip the retained wabblingrings; but said rings freely adapt themselves to the inclined surfaces,as described, the descent of the load continuing only so long as thebackward motion of the shaft is continued.

Instead of the pinion-wheel having on each side an inclined surface andtwo annular-s and two retained wabbling rings, as described, the saidpinion-wheel mayhave only one side with an inclined surface, and oneannular and one wabbling ring, as described, and the other side of saidpinion-wheel be made perpendicular to the bearing on which it revolves.

To operate the shaft by other than handpower, the gearing of the saidshaft with said p ower may be effected by pinionsvheels, baudpulleys, orother connecting devices.

The application of my invention to other machinessuch as elevators,dumb-waiters, crabs, hoisting, hauling, and winding machinery-differs inno essential particular from the foregoing description of a lift.

I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to theaccompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

Like letters indicate like parts, in which- Figure 1 represents a sideelevation of my invention, and Fig. 2 shows an end elevation of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectionof Fig. 3 at the line a m. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of mymechanism. Fig. (3 is an end view of the stationary frame, tube, orsleeve. Fig. 7 shows my machine with the operative parts all on one sideof the wheel, as described. Fig. 8 shows an end elevation of Fig. 7,stripped of the driving -wheel and its bearing. Fig. 9 shows a sideelevation of a pinion-wheel incased in a stationary frame, as described.Fig. 10 is an end elevation of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal sectionof Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a cross-section at the line 00 as, Fig. 11. Fig.13 is a side elevation of my invention as incased in a stationary frame,as described. Fig. 14 is an end elevation of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is alongitudinal section of Fig. 13. Fig. 16 is a cross-section at the linea: a: in Fig. 15. Fig. 17 shows a drum incased in a stationary frame, asdescribed. Fig. 18 shows a cross-section of Fig. 17 at the line 00 :0.Fig. 19 shows a drum as placed on a stationary sleeve, as described.

Fig. 20 shows an end elevation of Fig. 19.

In the drawings, A shows the driving-shaft; A, the driving-wheel.

B shows the engaging dog, stud or studs.

0 and E showone of the heads limiting the spread of the gearing, ashereinbefore described.

F shows the stationary frame and tube or sleeve.

shows the other limiting-head oppositcC and E, as described.

G shows the described annulars.

G shows the bolts connecting the annulars byheads or nuts, so as to holdthe geared parts in position without the intervention of the heads F andO E, and prevent friction against the said heads, which may or may notbe used.

H shows the described pinion-wheel,pulley, or drum.

I shows the described wabbling ring or rings.

I shows the studs or bolts, which are parts of the stationary frame,tube, or sleeve, which, working in sockets in the wabbling rings, retainthe rings from revolving.

J shows the slots in the annulars and in the pinion-wheel.

C shows set-screws or bolts, which may be used to set the head E to thestationary frame, tube, or sleeve F, for the purpose described.

On the rotary shaftAis placed,as described, a stationary frame, tube, orsleeve, F, in or on which the pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum H, or theirequivalents, annulars G G, and rings I I, are placed, as described.

On each side of the abovedescribed parts, on said frame, tube, orsleeve, are placed shoulders or heads, which may be parts ofsaid frame,tube, or sleeve, or parts fixed thereto, and are indicated in theseveral drawings by the letters F, F, E, and G. The ofiice of theseheads or shoulders is to limit the lateral space occupied by the saidpinion-wheel, annulars, and rings when in and out of gear. The saidannulars G G are connected by two rods on either side, as shown at G G,Figs. 1, 3, and 4., which, with heads or nuts on each end, also limitthe spreading of the annulars and hold them in uniform position as toeach other. These connecting-rods G G may be omitted as simplicity ofconstruction and convenience may reqnire. There is also placed firmlyupon the driving-shaft the dog or studs B B, which turn with the shaft,and by passing through the slots J J they hold the annulars andpinionwheel in the position which allows the retained wabbling rings I Ito escape being gripped, and to move freely without binding on theiradjacent parts, and the moment said (log or stud disengages the saidannulars and pinionwheel the resistance on the pinion wheel causes it toturn backward independently of the said annulars, and the pinion-wheellocks itself by the action of the wabbling rings to the stationaryframe, tube, or sleeve, as heretofore described.

To start the pinion-wheel, motion in either direction given to theshaft, communicated IIO - through the dog or studs B B, brings thepartsballs, or their equivalents, ordinarily called \Vhen the driving-shaft Ais turned in the dir'ection proper to raise the load,'the dog or studs BB,'which are fixed to the said shaft, engages with the sides of thedescribed slots J J in the pinion-wheel H and annulars G G,

and gear the parts together, and thereby permit the described annulars GG and the pinion-wheel H to revolve freely, their inclined surfacesadapting themselves to. and causing the retained rings I I to wabble toand fro in the uniform space left for them between said surfaces withoutbeing gripped, and the said non-revolving rings wabble freely in theirpath only so long as the driving-shaft gives motion to the load, andwhen said driving-shaft A ceases to give motion to theload and hold thesaid parts in gear, the said rings, impinged by the inclined surface ofthe-pinion-wheel,

automatically lock the pinion-wheel to the sta-' tionary frame, asdescribed, and the load is sustained in whatever position it hasattained.

. In order to lower the load, the shaft is turned in the oppositedirection, and its dog or studs B B engage the opposite sides of theslots J J in the pinion-wheel and annulars, and brings the parts ingear, and the motion of the parts is the same'as above described, onlyin the reverse direction, and continues only so long as the shaft is sorevolved, and thus the load may be lowered and automatically sustainedat any desired point.

Having thus described my invention, its construction, application, anduse, what I claim, and desire to obtain LettersPatent for, is

1. The mechanical movement, as described, comprising an automatic braketo hold the pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum, or an equivalent part, whichgive motion to the load on any lift, hoist, elevator, dumb-waiter, andall other lifting, hauling, and winding machinery at rest, whenevermotion ceases to be'communicated to the driving-shaft, and only then,substantially as described.

2. The described mechanical movement, consisting of the driving-shaft A,carrying a fixed dog or stud, B B, or their equivalents, station aryframe, tube, or sleeve F, a pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum, H, theannulars G G, and the intermediate rings,.I I, and the connectingrods GG, substantially as described.

3. The described mechanical movement, consisting of the driving-shaftA,carrying afiXed dog or stud, BB, or their'equivalents, station aryframe,tube, or sleeve F, a pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum, H, the annulars G G,and intermediate rings, I I, substantially as described.

4.. The described mechanical movement, consisting of the driving-shaftA, carrying the dog or stud B B, or their equivalents, stationary frame,tube, or sleeve F, pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum H, the annular G, andwabbling ring I, substantially as described.

5. The retained non revolving wabbling ring I, fixed to the stationaryframe, tube, or sleeve by socket and stud resting between revolvingsurfaces inclined to the axis of motion of the shaft, substantially asshown and described.

6. The two retained non-revolving wabbling rings I I, fixed, asdescribed, to the frame, tube, or sleeve by socket and stud restingbetween two revolving surfaces inclined to the axis. of motion of theshaft, substantially as shown and described.

7. The loosely-mounted pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum, constructed withbeveled side or sides, as described, so arranged as to clutch thenon-revolving rings whenever said pinionwheel, pulley, or drum revolvesindependently of the annulars G G,

8. The loosely-mounted annular G or annulars G G, provided with slots JJ, correspond- 7 ing with the slots J J in the pinion-wheel, pulley, ordrumH, the said parts made as shown and described, and for the purposesset forth.

9. The combination of the shaft A and its dog ,or stud B B with thestationary frame, tube, or sleeve F, pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum H,annulars G G, wabbling rings I I, with the heads F, E, and O,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

10. The combination of the dog or studs B 'B on the driving-shaftAwiththe sides of the slots J J in the pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum H, andthe annular G or annulars G G, as described and shown, and for thepurpose set forth. I 7

11. The combination of the loosely-mounted pinion-wheel, pulley, or drumH with the annular G or annulars G G and the non-revolving wabbling ringor rings I I, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposesset forth. 7

12. The combination of the wabbling ring I or rings I I with thestationary frame, tube,

or sleeve F by the studs or bolts 1 and sockets, as shown and described,and for the purposes set forth.

13. The described non-revolving wabbling ring I or rings I I, for thepurpose of looking the pinion-wheel, pulley, or drum H to the stationaryframe, tube, or sleeve F, to which the wabbling ring I or rings I I arefixed, as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

14. An automatic brake or clutch ineehanism for lifts, hoists,elevators, and all other 1ifting,'hauling, and winding machineryoperated by the resistance of the load upon the pinion-wheel, pulley, ordrum, and liberated

